Technology News

Mengenal Komponen Komputer

2008-12-12T19:55:00.001-08:00

Komputer merupakan sebuah kumpulan beberapa unit komponen yang memiliki fungsinya masing – masing untuk menghasilkan suatu sistem kerja. Komponen – komponen komputer tersebut antara lain :

Monitor :
Memiliki fungsi untuk menampilkan sistem informasi komputer, komponen ini biasa disebut dengan layar monitor.

Keyboard :
Sebagai alat untuk menuliskan / mengetikkan huruf, angka dan symbol.

Mouse :
Alat untuk menggerakkan penunjuk pada layar untuk memberikan perintah.

Processor :
Pusat pengolahan seluruh data dan sebagai pengendali sistem perangkat lainnya.

Mainboard :
Kerangka utama didalam komputer dimana terdapat processor dan komponen – komponen penting lainnya.

Diskette Drive :
Berfungsi unutk membaca dan menuliskan data pada disket disebut juga floppy drive.

CD/DVD Drive :
Berfungsi membaca data dan menulis data pada CD/DVD.

Harddisk :
Merupakan tempat penyimpanan seluruh data yang ada pada komputer.

Memory/RAM :
Tempat penyimpanan data sementara yang bisa diakses secara acak oleh processor.

VGA Card :
Komponen yang bertanggung jawab pada penampilan grafis/tampilan pada layar monitor. VGA singkatan dari Video Graphis Array.

Sound Card :
Bagian yang berfungsi untuk mengolah data menjadi suara yang akan dikeluarkan lewat speaker.

LAN Card :
Komponen yang berguna untuk menghubungkan antar komputer sehingga memungkinkan untuk saling menukar data. LAN ( Local Area Network ).
Modem :
Komponen perantara penghubung jaringan internet dengan komputer atau bisa juga dipakai untuk mengirim data melalui jaringan telephone.

Stabilizer :
Komponen elektronik yang berfungsi untuk menstabilkan arus listrik yang akan masuk kedalam komputer untuk mencegah kerusakan komponen – komponen komputer tersebut diatas akibat ketidak normalaan arus listrik.

UPS :
Mencegah komputer kehilangan power listrik mendadak ketika listrik padam. UPS ( Uninturuptable Power Supply ) menyediakan daya listrik cadangan untuk komputer dalam waktu tertentu.

XML

2008-12-11T19:40:00.000-08:00

XML ( Extensible Markup Language ) yang merupakan turunan dari SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language ) sering dianggap sebagai pengganti HTML ( Hypertext Markup Language ) karena satu turunan.
XML diciptakan sebagai sarana interoperabilitas antar software dari platform yang berbeda.
History XML :
1.XML diciptakan oleh suatu kelompok yang dipimpin oleh James Clark yang telah beranggotakan 11 orang.
2.Sebelum diresmikan oleh W3C pada 10 Februari 1998 sempat diusulkan beberapa nama yaitu MAGMA ( Minimal Architecture Generalized Markup Application ), SLIM ( Stuctured Language for Internet Markup ), dan MGML ( Minimal Generalized Markup Language ).
3.Telah dilakukan tiga kali perbaikan minor pada XML 1.0, sehingga menghasilkan XML 1.1 yang kini telah dilakukan satu kali perbaikan. Pada tanggal 16 Agustus 2006 XML 1.0 edisi keempat dan XML 1.1 edisi kedua diluncurkan serta dianggap keduanya merupakan XML versi terakhir sampai sekarang.
Dengan XML maka akan sangat memungkinkan pengguna software dari platform yang berbeda dapat teroperasibilitas dengan cara saling menukar informasi yang diminta dengan format XML. Format XML didapat dengan menjalankan tool web service, yakni HTTP untuk membaca file XML dan menampilkannya. Namun berbeda dengan HTML yang harus memerintahkan web browser menampilkannya, XML menandai informasi secara terstruktur sehingga aplikasi lain hanya perlu mengekstrak dan menjalankan. XML juga memiliki tag – tag seperti pada HTML hanya saja tag – tagnya dapat dibuat sendiri sesuai kebutuhan sedangkan tag HTML bersifat baku. Untuk dapat membaca tag – tag apa saja yang memuat informasi dan struktur hirarkinya, XML 1.0 dilengkapi dengan DTD ( Document Type Definition ) yang tedapat pada header file. Sedangkan pada XML 1.1 untuk menutup kekurangan DTD telah dipasang XSD ( XML Schema Definition ) yang lebih handal.
Tetapi XML memiliki sifat yang tegas terhadap kesalahan – kesalahan pada tag, aplikasi yang menggunakan akan berhenti jika menemui salah pada tag dan memberitahukan bahwa ada yang salah dengan file XML anda. Sedangkan pada HTML web browser akan tetap berusaha menampilkan apabila ada kesalahan pada tag. Itulah perbedaan sifat antara HTML dan XML meskipun keduanya diturunkan dari SGML.

Vvikoo Radeon HD 2400 XT turbo

2008-12-11T19:39:00.000-08:00

DOMESTIC PIGVvikoo merupakan pendatang baru yang memiliki banyak varian kartu grafis untuk akselerator nVidia ataupun ATI/AMD. Kartu grafis ini berukuran relatif kecil dari pada kartu grafis kelas valve umumnya. Memiliki satu kipas pendingin berdimensi kecil, lokal memori yang berdekatan dengan pendingin bersirip.

Radeon HD 2400 XT menggunakan interface PCI-Express X16. Memiliki 1 buah port DVI – 1 out, 1 buah port D – Sub 15 pin out, 1 buah port HDMI out. Vvikoo Radeon HD 2400 XT Turbo ini memakai card RV 610, memori lokal yang dipakainya berupa 256 MB DDR 3 16 bit, stream processor 40 buah.

Virus Brontok Removal for Windows

2008-12-11T19:38:00.000-08:00

Virus Brontok Removal for WindowsThe steps to remove Brontok computer virus :

Boot your computer with XP life CD. This CD made by Bart PEBuilder ( http://www.nu2.nu/pebuilder ) or you can use Knoppix Life CD. Make it in a “healthy PC “ using master of windows XP follow the instruction until finish and now you have XP life CD.
The XP life CD have no risk to be infected FYI, Brontok active even in safe mode or DOS bootong system. All hidden file can be shown
Rename hidden file MSVBVM60-old.dll with the new one name.
to show up/unhidden go to : HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer delete the entry :”NoFolderOption”
After boot computer by HDD turned off the system restore.
Delete all the tsk in Schedule Task.
Download Freeware to open the locked registry ( Caused by virus ) in :

http://securityresponse.symantec.com/avcenter/venc/data/tool.to.reset.shellopencommand.registry.keys.html

Remove all the entries registry.
Find items in the registry file name like :

“Kesenjangansosial”,”rakyatkelaparan”.”brontok”.”rontok”.

Install antivirus with the newest Definition Files.
Scan it
Done.

Top Desk 1.5.4

2008-12-11T19:35:00.000-08:00

DOMESTIC PIGTop Desk 1.5.4 merupakan software yang dapat merubah tampilan windows xp kedalam beberapa fitur antara lain windows vista, Machintosh, serta fitur expose. Selain dapat mengubah tampilan software ini juga memberi kemungkinan anda untuk bekerja lebih cepat bahkan dalam kondisi multitasking sekalipun, hal ini dikarenakan tersedianya kombinasi Elip 3D yang dapat diakses lewat short cut [windows] + [Tab] atau [Alt] + [Tab].

Sekilas tentang Top Desk 1.5.4 :

Situs : www.otakusoftware.com

Ukuran : 1,59 MB

Kategori : Utility

Harga : US$ 19,95

OS : Windows XP

Seagate Barracuda 7200.11 1 TB

2008-12-11T19:33:00.000-08:00

DOMESTIC PIGSeagate mengeluarkan varian harddisk untuk desktop yang terbilang anyar. Barracuda seri 7.11 dibuat dalam beberapa kapasitas besar yakni 500 GB, 750 GB dan 1 TB dengan kecepatan putaran 7200 RPM, memiliki koneksi hingga SATA II. Untuk kapasitas 1 TB memiliki 4 keping cakram sebagai media penyimpanan. Ada dua tipe Barracuda 1 TB ini yaitu dengan kapasitas memori cache atau buffer 16 MB ( ST 31000640AS ) dan 32 MB ( ST 31000340AS ).

Spesifikasi :

Interface : SATA I / II

Kapasitas : 1 TB

Buffer cache : 32 MB

Seek time : <>

MTBI : 50.000 x pemakaian

Berat : 672 gram

QASSIA

2008-12-11T19:31:00.000-08:00

DOMESTIC PIGSatu lagi situs yang tergolong baru dirilis pada tanggal 4 Januari 2008 didunia internet, situs ini mirip semacam wikipedia dimana di dalamnya berisi berbagai macam free encyclopedia yang contentnya disumbang oleh kontributor – kontributor yang biasa disebut intel ( diambil dari kepanjangan intelligence ).

Menariknya di Qassia ini para kontributor yang memberi informasi atau data mengenai apapun akan mendapatkan imbalan. Imbalan tersebut berupa tiga macam hadiah yakni backlink, kredit dalam bentuk dollar serta revenue. Semakin banyak dollar yang dikumpulkan maka secara otomatis akan semakin tinggi pula ranking anda di Qassia.

Diantara tiga hadiah tersebut yang diberikan, hadiah dalam bentuk revenuelah yang bisa dibilang paling menguntungkan, sebab Qassia memberi anda hak penuh 100 persen dari pendapatan tagihan Iklan yang muncul pada halaman intel anda.

Sesuatu yang diinformasikan di Qassia tidak harus mengenai hal yang smart atau terkenal, anda bisa menulis apa saja yang kebetulan anda ketahui. Kontributor juga tidak diikat dengan gaya tulisan apapun alias bebas berekspresi.

Qassia sendiri merupakan perusahaan yang berusaha untuk mengukuhkan dirinya sebagai kombinasi mesin intelijensia dengan system kredit dan direktori web. Jika anda penasaran langsung saja kunjungi di www.qassia.com atau friday.qassia.com.

Passware Kit 8.1

2008-12-11T19:30:00.000-08:00

DOMESTIC PIGSeringnya orang lupa password memberikan inspirasi serta dorongan tersendiri bagi pencipta program Passware Kit 8.1 menciptakan software ini. Passware Kit 8.1 dapat menjadi solusi seseorang untuk membuka password suatu dokumen kerja yang lupa.

Passware Kit ini mendukung beragam format dokumen seperti Microsoft office, format RAR, ZIP, Acrobat, aplikasi quicken, Word perfect, VGA, 1-2-3, ACTI, Paradox, Organizer, Schedule dan word pro.

Passware Kit 8.1 dapat diunduh di www.lostpassword.com

Malware

2008-12-11T19:28:00.000-08:00

MalwareMalware is software designed to infiltrate or damage a computer system. It is a portmanteau of the words malicious and software. Instead, computer virus is used in common parlance and often in the general media to describe all kinds of malware, thought not all malware is a virus, malware classified as a computer contaminant. Softaware is considered malware based on the perceived intent of the creator rather than any particular features.

Types of malware, viruses and other worm are known for the manner in which they spread, rather than any other particular behavior. The first Infectious program known including internet worm and a number of MS-DOS viruses, were disegned to destroy files on hard disk, or to corrupt the file system by writing junk data.

Since 2003, when internet access is progressively expand more viruses and worm have been designed to teke control of user’s computer for black market exploitation or make zombie computers are used to send email spam, phornography and to engage in distributed denial of service attacks as a form of extortion.

Another activities by malware has emerged in spyware programs device to monitor web browsing, redirect affiliate marketing and display unsolicited advertisement. Spyware program are generally installed by attack security system or hide on other application software.

Types of Malware :

Bad Malware :

Trojan horse
Rootkits
Backdoors

2. Good Malware :

Spyware
Botnets
Loggers
Dialers

Kamera Digital

2008-12-11T19:27:00.000-08:00

DOMESTIC PIG

Sejak kamera pertama kali diciptakan pada tahun 1826 perkembangnya sangat pesat dari tahun ke tahun. Teknologi yang digunakan terus dikembangkan dengan tujuan menghasilkan kamera dengan hasil lebih baih dan simple. Puncaknya dengan penemuan kamera digital dengan terobosan teknologi dari penggunaan film ke system digital.

Kamera digital dan manual secara garis besar dan prinsip kerjanya adalah sama, perbedaannya selain adanya penggunaan layar LCD menampilkan perkiraan hasil obyek yang akan diambil gambarnya kamera digital juga meniadakan film seperti pada kamera manual dan diganti dengan komponen yang bernama CCD ( Charge Couple Device ). Sehingga jika pada kamera manual cahaya yang masuk mengenai film sedangkan pada kamera digital cahaya akan mengenai CCD untuk direkam gambarnya.

CCD ( Charge Coulped Device )

Adalah sebuah semikonduktor peka terhadap cahaya yang tersusun dari jutaan spot kecil yang disebut pixel. Ketika cahaya diterima CCD setiap pixel berubah menjadi gelombang elektrik yang memunculkan warna sesuai dengan panajang gelombang cahaya. Ada juga kamera digital tertentu yang tidak menggunakan CCD ini tetapi memakai CMOS yang memiliki fungsi kerja sama dengan CCD.

Kelebihan kamera digital :

Tidak memakai film.

Hasil pemoteretan yang bisa langsung dikoreksi.

Langsung dapat dikoneksi dengan komputer.

Kualitas gambar tidak akan menurun jika disimpan.

Mudah untuk disimpan dan dicetak.

Intel Core 2 Duo

2008-12-11T19:26:00.000-08:00

Intel Core 2 DuoIntel Core 2 Duo processors have more new performance without using more energy. The Intel Core 2 Duo built on the innovative Intel Core microarchitecture. These new Intel Core 2 Duo processors completed with Wide Dynamic Execution, Smart Memory Access, Advanced Smart Cache and Digital Media Boost. Core 2 Duo is designed to do more in less time.

The Intel Core 2 Duo new 45 nm manufacturing technology with hafniuminfused Hi-k transistor, enables even more processor performance by doubling the transistor density. The processor improve performance also increase energy efficiency by operating at lower frequiencies that make less power to run.

Intel Core 2 Duo processor are installed with digital thermal sensor ( DTS ) that enables efficient processor and platform thermal control. DTS measure the maximum temperature on the die at any given time, uses the DTS to regulate the system and processor fan speeds.

The Features and Benefits of The Intel Core 2 Duo Desktop Processor :

Dual Core Processing :

Two independent processor cores in one

Wide Dynamic Execution :

Optimaze the use of the data bandwidth from memory subsystem to accelerate out of order execution.

Advanced smart cache “

The shared L2 cache is dynamically allocated to each processor core based on workland.

Advanced Digital :

Accelerates the execution of streaming SIMD extension ( SSE ) instructions to significantly improve the performance on a broad range of applications, including video, audio, image processing, multimedia, encryption, financial, engineering, and scientific applications.

Virtualization technology :

One hardware platform to function as multiple.

Trusted execution technology :

More protect against software based attacks and help protect the confidentiallty and integrity of data stored or created on system.

Architecture :

64 bit supporting hardware and software can allow the use of virtual and physical memory.

Thermal control :

4 pin connectore for fan speed control, the speed control is based on CPU temperature and power usage.

HTML

2008-12-11T19:24:00.002-08:00

HTML HTML ( HyperText Mark up Language ) bukan merupakan salah satu bahasa pemrograman yang memberikan marking up pada teks dan bukan sebagai program, suatu metode untuk menerapkan konsep hyperteks dalam suatu naskah atau dokumen. HTML sendiri biasa terdapat pada source code website dan dikembangkan dari konsep dasar SGML dimana konsep ini menggunakan hypertext untuk tujuan mempermudah mencari informasi.

Hypertext
Hypertext atau link Hypertext adalah suatu bentukan kata atau frase yang menunjukkan relasi antar naskah dengan naskah lainnya.

Markup

Markup menunjukkan bahwa pada setiap file HTML bertujuan memberikan intsruksi tertentu untuk membentuk suatu format dokumen pada tampilan web.

Language

HTML merupakan kumpulan dari instruksi yang dapat digunakan untuk merubah format suatu naskah atau dokumen.

Hate Book

2008-12-11T19:24:00.001-08:00

Luapkan segala kritikan, rasa sakit hati dan uneg – uneg serta kekesalan lainnya di beberapa situs yang memang memperbolehkan orang untuk menuangkannya seperti di situs www.hatebook.com ataupun situs alternatife lainnya di www.enemybook.info dan www.snubster.com. Di dalam situs tersebut anda dapat mencurahkan isi hati sampai maki – makian bahkan sumpah serapah dengan bebas di ekspresikan oleh siapa saja.

Bahkan jika anda seorang yang sedang membutuhkan saran dan kritik dari orang lain baik untuk diri anda sendiri,keluarga,teman ataupun terhadap suatu produk perusahaan, situs diatas bisa jadi sangat menolong anda.

Bagi yang sedang susah hati sangat dianjurkan untuk mampir sebentar, bisa sedikit menghilangkan rasa sudah dan sedih anda.

Grayware

2008-12-11T19:22:00.000-08:00

GraywareApplication that behave in a manner that is annoying or undersirable is classification in Grayware ( Greyware ). Grayware represent one of the characteristic malware which can cause trouble or damage at computer. This application emerge since 1980 and expanding after internet network developed.

Kinds of Grayware :

spyware
adware
dialers
joke program
remote access tools
other things that can harm performance of computers on the network.

Grayware is not classified as viruses or Trojan horse programs. Although nonviruses grayware can still negatively affect the performance of the computers and causing security risks to your network. Usually grayware do irritating with pop-up windows, logging user key strokes and exposing computer sensitivities to attack. Grayware negativelly activities make uncomfortable condition.

Spyware :

Computers software that installed some component for recording Web surfing habits usually for marketing purpose. This software send more informations to user or the interested parties when the system online. This software installed on our computer without permission.

Adware :

Software that displays advertising banners on Web browsers such as Internet Explorer and Mozilla. This program build unlike effect on a sysyem, such as annoying popup ads and the general degradation in either network connction or system performance.

Eye Protector 2.3

2008-12-11T19:21:00.000-08:00

DOMESTIC PIGRadiasi yang dipancarkan oleh layar komputer akan membuat penggunannya merasakan kelelahan pada mata, selain itu biasanya menggunakan komputer sering kali mengabaikan kesehatan mata terutama ketika sedang kondisi serius. Kondisi ini membahayakan kesehatan mata anda, untuk itu pembuat software Eye Protector 2.3 mengeluarkan produknya.

Piranti lunak ini menawarkan dua pilihan untuk mengamankan mata anda yakni :

Dengan cara Have a Break dan Do Eyes Gymnastics.

Do Have Gymnastics :

Pilihan ini mengajak pengguna komputer untuk berolah raga mata dengan cara berkedip mengikuti pola – pola tertentu untuk membasahi bola mata sehingga kelembapannya cukup.

Have a Break :

Pilihan ini menampilkan hiburan pada screen saver monitor untuk relaksasi menghilangkan ketegangan otot – otot mata.

Aplikasi ini dilengkapi dengan timer, sehingga dalam selang waktu tertentu anda akan diperingatkan untuk meluangkan waktu menyegarkan mata.

Spesifikasi :

Situs : www.simteclub.com

Ukuran file : 613 Kb

Licensi : Share ware

Price : US$ 8,99

OS : windows 2000 / XP / 2003 / Vista

How to Clean your Mouse

2008-12-11T19:19:00.000-08:00

If your mouse is working sluggishly or not at all, don't go out and buy another cheap mouse. The cause is probably just a dirty mouse. A quick cleaning could fix the problem.

First, you need to identify which kind of mouse you have. If you turn your mouse over and part of a ball is showing, you have a ball mouse. If you see a lens, you have an optical or laser mouse. Each type of mouse requires a different type of cleaning.

The optical or laser mouse does not need to be cleaned near as often as the ball mouse, but it and the surface it runs on can still get dirty. If you do not clean the surface that the mouse moves on, it will soon turn black. So about once a month or so, wipe the surface off with a wet rag. The lens probably never will get dirty, but if it does, take a soft cloth, cotton swab, or q-tip wetted with window cleaner or alcohol and clean the lens.

The ball mouse may need cleaning quite often, so you should get well acquainted with the following cleaning procedure. The dirtier the ball mouse gets, the harder it is to get it to move the cursor on the screen smoothly. If you have to move the mouse across the mouse pad several times to get the cursor to move halfway across the screen, it needs to be cleaned.

The mouse does not need to be disconnected to clean it, but you should close all of the programs that are running, so that you don't accidentally click on something and mess it up. If you do decide to disconnect the mouse, be sure to turn off the computer first. The mouse cord should never be unplugged from the computer while it is running. Doing so could ruin your motherboard.

Turn the ball mouse over and find the cover that holds the ball in. Look for arrows on the cover to show which way it needs to be turned. Place two fingers on the cover and push in the direction of the arrows. Once the cover has been turned about an inch, cover it with your hand and turn the mouse back over to the upright position. The ball and cover should fall into your hand. If it doesn't, shake the mouse gently.

Wipe the ball off with a wet rag.

Now look in the ball well and find the three rollers. Start by cutting across the buildup on the rollers with your fingernail (a knife or steel dental pick may also be used gently), then turn the roller and remove the buildup as you go along. If you do this correctly, you will end up with one curled strip of buildup for each roller. Make sure to remove the buildup from the well. If it falls inside somewhere, blow and gently shake it until it comes out.

Take a wet rag and clean each of the rollers by wiping across it, then turning it and wiping again. Continue until the entire roller is cleaned. Put the ball back in the ball well and lock the cover back in place.

If the mouse still has problems once it is assembled, try cleaning it again. If that doesn't work, you may need to buy a new mouse.

It is a good idea to regularly clean the surface that the mouse is on because the cleaner the surface, the less dirt will get inside the mouse and the less often you will have to clean it.

If your mouse is shared by many people (especially if one of them is sick), you may want to disinfect the top of the mouse between users.

Follow these instructions and your mouse will be up and darting again in no time.

Affiliate Program

2008-12-11T19:17:00.000-08:00

DOMESTIC PIGAffiliate program atau program afilisi merupakan salah satu bentuk bisnis online yang saat ini banyak dijumpai di dunia maya. Program ini merupakan program yang menyediakan komisi bagi pemilik halaman blog maupun website jika terjadi transaksi antara pemilik program dengan pembeli yang dilakukan melalui blog atau website tersebut.

Untuk saat ini banyak sekali penyedia program afiliasi salah satu contoh yang terbesar antara lain Amazon .com, Linkshare.com,clickbank.com dan CJ.com yang banyak diikuti. Tetapi sayang ada beberapa penedia program afiliasi ini yang belum mengijinkan affiliater ( sebutan para member program affiliate ) dari Indonesia seperti clickbank.com.

Ada beberapa jenis program afiliasi yaitu :

Two-Tier Program.

Penyedia program atau perusahaan akan memberi komisi dari penjualan langsung dan dari penjualan yang dihasilkan dari afiliasi dibawah anda yang berhasil anda rekrut. Contoh penyedia program ini adalah sitesell.com.

Pay Per Sale

Penyelenggara program akan membayar komisi kepada anda untuk setiap penjualan yang berasal dari situs web anda, seperti pada Amazon.com.

Bounty

Seperti namanya bounty yang berarti hadiah, peyelenggara program ini akan memberikan bounty/hadiah kepada anda sekali setelah pengunjung diarahkan ke situs pengiklan yang ingin menjual produknya dan pembeli melakukan transaksi.

Pay Per Lead

Seperti halnya bounty dimana penyedia program akan memberikan hadiah jika pengunjung digiring menuju situs pengiklan dan melakukan pembelian. Pay per lead yang paling populer saat ini adalah goaio.com.

Advertising Program

2008-12-11T19:15:00.000-08:00

DOMESTIC PIGSelain affiliate program satu lagi bisnis online yang cukup menjanjikan adalah advertising program. Program ini menyediakan komisi bagi para pemilik halaman blog atau website dengan memasang iklan dari penyedia program pada spase halaman blog atau websitenya. Komisi yang diterima besarnya tidak selalu sama tergantung dari harga kontrak yang disepakati.

Program ini jika di analogkan mirip pada surat kabar dimana pemilik surat kabar tertentu menyediakan bagian tertentu pada halamannya untuk ditempati Iklan oleh pihak lain dan pemilik surat kabar tersebut tentu saja akan menerima imbalan. Seperti halnya pemilik surat kabar pemilik halaman blog atau website akan menerima imbalan, dengan kata lain pengiklan akan membayar untuk setiap pengunjung yang anda bawa ke situs merchant/pengiklan, meskipun tidak terjadi transakai jual beli, kondisi seperti ini biasa disebut dengan Pay Per Click.

Adapula program yang menyediakan iklan dengan system cost per 1000 impression (CPM). Artinya pemilik halaman web akan dibayar setiap kali iklan tersebut muncul sebanyak 1000 kali tanpa pegunjung melakukan klik terhadap iklan atau tidak. Seperti pada fastclick.com dan valueclickmedia.com.

Penyedia program ini biasanya memiliki beberapa banner iklan dalam berbagai ukuran tinggal anda memilihnya kemudian meletakkan kodenya di halaman web anda. Jika anda telah memiliki blog atau web tidak ada salahnya anda mencoba program ini. Meskipun demikian ada beberapa aturan yang harus ditaat sebelum anda mendaftarkan web anda yaitu diantaranya web tidak akan diterima jika berisi pornografi,kriminal,hasutan,kekerasan dan hal – hal negatif lainnya.

Program advertising paling favorit saat ini adalah GOOGLE ADSENSE merupakan program advertising dengan sistem PPC ( Pay Per Click ) yang dirilis oleh GOOGLE corporation.

APPEARANCE OF CHIHUAHUA

2008-05-16T00:41:00.000-07:00

The Chihuahua is the smallest breed of dog in the world and is named after the state of Chihuahua in Mexico, where it was discovered in 1850.

Appearance of chihuahua including :

Coat

The AKC ( American Kennel Club ) recognizes two varieties of Chihuahua :

The long-coat ( also referred to as long-haired )

Long-haired Chihuahuas are actually smoother to the touch, having soft, fine guard hairs and a downy undercoat, which gives them their fluffy appearance. Unlike many long-haired breeds, long-haired Chihuahuas require no trimming and minimal grooming. Contrary to popular belief, they also typically shed less than their short-haired counterparts. It may take up to two or more years before a full long-haired coat develops.

The smooth-coat ( also referred to as short-haired )

The term smooth-coat does not mean that the hair is necessarily smooth, as the hair can range from having a velvet touch to a whiskery feeling.

Standards

Breed standards for this dog do not generally specify a height, only a weight and a description of their overall proportions. As a result, height varies more than within many other breeds.

Generally, the height ranges between 6 and 10 inches ( 15 to 25 cm ) at the withers, however, some dogs grow as tall as 12 to 15 inches ( 30 to 38 cm ).

AKC show dogs ( American standard ) must weigh no more than 6.0 lb ( 2.7 kg ).

The Federation Cynologique Internationale ( FCI ) standard calls for dogs ideally between 1.5 and 3.0 kg ( 3.3 to 6.6 lb ), although smaller ones are acceptable in the show ring. However, pet-quality Chihuahuas ( that is, those bred or purchased as companions rather than show dogs ) can, and do, range above these weights, to 10 pounds ( 4.5 kg ), or even more if they have large bone structures or are allowed to become overweight.

This does not mean, however, that they are not purebred Chihuahuas, it only means that they do not meet the requirements to enter a conformation show. Oversize Chihuahuas are seen in some of the best, and worst, bloodlines.

Color

The AKC Chihuahua standard lists under color :

Any color-Solid
Marked
Splashed

This allows for all colors from solid blacks to solid whites, spotted, or a variety of other colors and patterns. A few examples are :

Fawn
Red
Cream
Chocolate
Blue
Black

Patterns, all with or without white markings, include :

Sable
Irish spotting
Piebald spotting
Extreme white spotting
Brindle
Masks
Merle
Tan points

Classifying Chihuahua colors can be complicated due to the large number of possibilities. Examples would be a blue brindle or a chocolate and tan. Colors and patterns can combine and affect each other, resulting in a very high degree of variation. That said, the classic Chihuahua color remains fawn. No color or pattern is considered more valuable than the others. Although blue is considered rare, it is all just a matter of personal preference.

Size

Different-sized chihuahuas such as :

Teacup
Pocket size
Tiny toy
Miniature
Standard

The Chihuahua Club of America issued a statement stressing that these descriptions are misleading. T

APPEARANCE OF LABRADOR : SHOW STANDARDS

2008-05-16T00:39:00.000-07:00

Size

Labs are a medium-large but compact breed. They should have an appearance of proportionality. They should be as long from the shoulders back as they are from the floor to the withers.

Males :

stand 22 ½ to 24 ½ inches ( 55.9 to 62 ¼ cm ) tall at the withers
weigh 65 to 80 pounds ( 30 to 36 kg )

Females :

stand 21 ½ to 23 ½ inches ( 54 ½ to 60 cm )
weight 55 to 70 pounds ( 25 to 32 kg )

By comparison under UK Kennel Club standards :

Males height should be 22 to 22.5 inches ( 55.9 to 57.2 cm )
Females height should be 21.5 to 22 inches ( 54.6 to 55.9 cm )

Coat

The Lab's coat should be short and dense, but not wiry. The coat is described as 'water-resistant' or more accurately 'water-repellent' so that the dog does not get cold when taking to water in the winter. That means the dog naturally has a slightly dry, oily coat. Acceptable colors are chocolate, black, and yellow. There is much variance within yellow Labs. Colors should be solid, though varying shades of yellow on the same dog are acceptable in yellow labs and a white spot on the chest is acceptable in black labs, though not desirable.

Head

The head should be broad with a pronounced stop and slightly pronounced brow.
The eyes should be kind and expressive. Appropriate eye colors are brown and hazel. The lining around the eyes should be black.
The ears should hang close to the head and are set slightly above the eyes.

Jaws

The jaws should be strong and powerful.
The muzzle should be of medium length, and should not be too tapered.
The jowls should hang slightly and curve gracefully back.

Body

The body should be strong and muscular with a level top line.

ANAPHYLAXIS IN YOUR PET

2008-05-16T00:37:00.000-07:00

Anaphylaxis is immediate allergic reaction to something ingested or injected. The types of agents can cause anaphylaxis are stinging insects, antibiotics, vaccines, food, certain hormones and medications. Anaphylaxis is rare but life-threatening because if untreated, this condition results in shock anaphylaxis is an extreme emergency, respiratory and cardiac failure, and death.

The symptoms of anaphylaxis are the sudden onset of diarrhea, vomiting, shock, seizures, coma and death. Physical examination in animal's gums will be very pale, the limbs will feel cold, the heart rate is generally very fast, but the pulse is weak, and there is no facial swelling.

In general, there is no way to predict which animals may have an anaphylactic reaction to which substances. If you think your dog is having an anaphylactic reaction, seek emergency veterinary assistance immediately. Epinephrine should be given as soon as possible - we are talking within a few minutes. IV fluids, oxygen, and other medications are given as needed.

Prevention to anaphylaxis :

If a dog has already had a reaction, such as anaphylaxis to a substance, the substance should be avoided.

If your dog has ever had a reaction to a vaccine or medication, be sure your veterinarian knows and the information is placed in your pet's medical record.
If you vaccinate your own pets, you should have epinephrine available and know how to use it in case a reaction occurs.
If your dog has an anaphylactic reaction after a vaccination, inject the proper dose of epinephrine and seek emergency veterinary assistance immediately.
If your dog that are allergic to insect bites, such as bees, ask your veterinarian about getting a prescription for an 'epi-pen' and be sure to take the 'epi-pen' with you on any trips or hikes.

HEALTH INFORMATION ABOUT ANAL CANCER

2008-05-16T00:36:00.000-07:00

Anal cancer is a disease in which malignant ( cancer ) cells form in the tissues of the anus ( the part of the anus between the rectum ). If occurring in the skin around the outside of the anus (the perianal area ) is called tumors not anal cancer.

Symptom of anal cancer include :

Bleeding from the anus or rectum or a lump near the anus.

Other conditions following problems may be cause the same symptoms with anal cancer include :

Bleeding from the anus or rectum.
Pain or pressure in the area around the anus.
Itching or discharge from the anus.
A lump near the anus.
A change in bowel habits.

The Risk factors of developing anal cancer include :

Being over 50 years old.
Being infected with human papillomavirus ( HPV ).
Having many sexual partners.
Having receptive anal intercourse ( anal sex ).
Frequent anal redness, swelling, and soreness.
Having anal fistulas ( abnormal openings ).
Smoking cigarettes.

Tests and procedures are used to detect and diagnose anal cancer :

Physical exam and history:

An exam of the body to check general signs of health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. A history of the patient's health habits and past illnesses and treatments will also be taken.

Digital rectal examination (DRE):

An exam of the anus and rectum. The doctor or nurse inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the lower part of the rectum to feel for lumps or anything else that seems unusual.

Anoscopy:

An exam of the anus and lower rectum using a short, lighted tube called an anoscope.

Proctoscopy:

An exam of the rectum using a short, lighted tube called a proctoscope.

Endo-anal or endorectal ultrasound:

A procedure in which an ultrasound transducer (probe) is inserted into the anus or rectum and used to bounce high-energy sound waves (ultrasound) off internal tissues or organs and make echoes. The echoes form a picture of body tissues called a sonogram.

Biopsy:

The removal of cells or tissues so they can be viewed under a microscope by a pathologist to check for signs of cancer. If an abnormal area is seen during the anoscopy, a biopsy may be done at that time.

The prognosis of anal cancer depends on the following :

The size of the tumor.
Where the tumor is in the anus.
Whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.

The treatment options of anal cancer depend on the following :

The stage of the cancer.
Where the tumor is in the anus.
Whether the patient has human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV )
Whether cancer remains after initial treatment or has recurred.

AMMONIA LIKE SMELL OF CAT URINE

2008-05-16T00:35:00.000-07:00

Princess, 6 year old, brown tabby.

The pet ownership notice an ammonia-like smell of cat urine lingering in the bathroom.

The owner examined the room more thoroughly, looking in the cabinet under the sink where the smell was strongest, they heard a muffled, plaintive meowing.

They also noticed that a piece of drywall in the back of the cabinet had recently been patched over.

The owners to bring the cat to our clinic. Princess was indeed in rough shape after a month trapped in the wall. She was frail and severely dehydrated.

In clinic the veterinarian given treating on Princess , such as :

The veterinarian ran blood work on Princess.
The veterinarian set up IV fluids.
The veterinarian prescribed fed small, frequent amounts of a bland and easily digestible diet on Princess.

Other than elevated liver enzymes from malnutrition and weight loss, she was surprisingly healthy considering the trauma she had been through.

Liver problems on Princess would take some time to recover, within a week at our clinic.

HEALTH INFORMATION ABOUT ANAL CANCER

2008-05-16T00:34:00.001-07:00

Anal cancer is a disease in which malignant ( cancer ) cells form in the tissues of the anus ( the part of the anus between the rectum ). If occurring in the skin around the outside of the anus ( the perianal area ) is called tumors not anal cancer.

Symptom of anal cancer include :

Bleeding from the anus or rectum or a lump near the anus.

Other conditions following problems may be cause the same symptoms with anal cancer include :

Bleeding from the anus or rectum.
Pain or pressure in the area around the anus.
Itching or discharge from the anus.
A lump near the anus.
A change in bowel habits.

The Risk factors of developing anal cancer include :

Being over 50 years old.
Being infected with human papillomavirus ( HPV ).
Having many sexual partners.
Having receptive anal intercourse ( anal sex ).
Frequent anal redness, swelling, and soreness.
Having anal fistulas ( abnormal openings ).
Smoking cigarettes.

Tests and procedures are used to detect and diagnose anal cancer :

Physical exam and history:

Digital rectal examination (DRE):

An exam of the anus and rectum. The doctor or nurse inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the lower part of the rectum to feel for lumps or anything else that seems unusual.

Anoscopy:

An exam of the anus and lower rectum using a short, lighted tube called an anoscope.

Proctoscopy:

An exam of the rectum using a short, lighted tube called a proctoscope.

Endo-anal or endorectal ultrasound:

Biopsy:

The prognosis of anal cancer depends on the following :

The size of the tumor.
Where the tumor is in the anus.
Whether the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes.

The treatment options of anal cancer depend on the following :

The stage of the cancer.
Where the tumor is in the anus.
Whether the patient has human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV )
Whether cancer remains after initial treatment or has recurred.

ALZHEIMER΄S DISEASE : THE RISK FACTOR

2008-05-15T23:48:00.000-07:00

The main risk factor for Alzheimer's disease include :

Increased age

As a population ages, the frequency of Alzheimer's disease continues to increase. Ten percent of people over 65 years of age and 50% of those over 85 years of age have Alzheimer's disease. Unless new treatments are developed to decrease the likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease.

Genetic

Most patients develop Alzheimer's disease after age 70. However, 2%–5% of patients develop the disease in the fourth or fifth decade of life (40s or 50s).

At least half of these early onset patients have inherited gene mutations associated with their Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, the children of a patient with early onset Alzheimer's disease who has one of these gene mutations has a 50% risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. There is also a genetic risk for late onset cases.

A relatively common form of a gene located on chromosome 19 is associated with late onset Alzheimer's disease. In the majority of Alzheimer's disease cases, however, no specific genetic risks have yet been identified.

High blood pressure ( hypertension )
Coronary artery disease
Diabetes
Elevated blood cholesterol.
All patients with Down syndrome will develop the brain changes of Alzheimer's disease by 40 years of age.

ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE FOR INSOMNIA

2008-05-15T23:47:00.000-07:00

Some traditional and anecdotal remedies for insomnia include :

Drinking warm milk before bedtime.
Taking a warm bath.
Exercising vigorously for half an hour in the afternoon.
Eating a large lunch and then having only a light evening meal at least three hours before bed.
Avoiding mentally stimulating activities in the evening hours.
Going to bed at a reasonable hour and getting up early.
Avoiding exposing the eyes to too much light, especially blue light, a few hours before bedtime.
Listening to slow paced music will help insomniacs fall asleep.
Using aromatherapy may also help induce a state of restfulness, including :

o Jasmine oil

o Lavender oil

o Mahabhringaraj

o Other relaxing essential oils

o Horlicks ( marketed as a sleeping aid )

The more relaxed a person is, the greater the likelihood of getting a good night's sleep. Relaxation techniques such as meditation have been shown to help people sleep.

Such techniques can lower stress levels from both the mind and body, which leads to a deeper, more restful sleep.

Traditional Chinese medicine has included treatment for insomnia. A typical approach may utilize acupuncture, dietary and lifestyle analysis, herbology and other techniques, with the goal of resolving the problem at a subtle level.

In the Buddhist tradition, people suffering from insomnia or nightmares may be advised to meditate on "loving-kindness" or metta. This practice of generating a feeling of love and goodwill is claimed to have a soothing and calming effect on the mind and body. This is claimed to stem partly from the creation of relaxing positive thoughts and feelings, and partly from the pacification of negative ones. In the Mettā ( Mettanisamsa ) Sutta, Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, tells the gathered monks that easeful sleep is one benefit of this form of meditation.

Hypnotherapy, self hypnosis and guided imagery can be effective in not only falling asleep and staying asleep; they can also help to develop good sleeping habits over time. Visualizing can be effective in taking the mind away from present day anxieties and towards a more relaxing place.

ALOPECIA AREATA

2008-05-15T23:44:00.000-07:00

Alopecia areata is a hair-loss condition which usually affects the scalp and sometimes affect other areas of the body. Alopecia areata typically causes one or more patches of hair loss. Hair loss tends to be rather rapid and often involves one side of the head more than the other. Alopecia areata tends to affect younger individuals, both males and females. This type of hair loss is different than male-pattern baldness, an inherited condition.

Sometimes, alopecia areata occurs within family members, suggesting a role of genes and heredity.

An autoimmune disorder, in which the immune system attacks hair follicles and disrupts normal hair formation, is believed to cause alopecia areata.

Alopecia areata is sometimes associated with other autoimmune conditions such as :

Allergic disorders
Thyroid disease
Vitiligo
Lupus
Rheumatoid arthritis
Ulcerative colitis

The characteristic finding of alopecia areata is the exclamation point hair. These unusual hairs can be found in areas of hair loss. They are visible with a hand lens as short, broken off hairs that are narrower closer to the scalp ( appearing like an exclamation point ). A biopsy of the scalp is sometimes necessary for a diagnosis ( biopsies of affected skin show immune cells inside of the hair follicles where they are not normally present ).

In approximately 50% of patients, hair will regrow within a year without any treatment. For most patients, the condition resolves without treatment within a year, but hair loss is sometimes permanent. A number of treatments are known to aid in hair regrowth. Multiple treatments may be necessary, and none consistently works for all patients.

The longer the period of time of hair loss, the less likelihood that the hair will regrow.

A variety of treatments for alopecia areata :

Steroid injections
Creams
Shampoos ( for the scalp have been used for many years ), such as :

Clobetasol
Fluocinonide

Other medications include :

Minoxidil
Irritants ( anthralin or topical coal tar
Topical immunotherapy ( cyclosporine )

ALL INFORMATION ABOUT CANINE DISTEMPER

2008-05-13T04:10:00.000-07:00

Description

Canine distemper is a highly contagious disease of carnivores caused by a paramyxovirus. The virus is widespread and mortality in juveniles is higher than in adults. The canine distemper virus is very resistant to cold and the majority of distemper cases in domestic dogs are seen in the fall and winter. In wild animals, since the juveniles are more susceptible to infection, the majority of cases are seen in the spring and summer, but cases are observed year round.

Transmission

Transmission occurs via :

· An aerosol-droplet route

· Direct contact ( the virus is shed in the feces and urine of infected individuals ).

· Possibly by contact with contaminated objects.

· Transplacental transmission.

The route of infection :

· Through the upper respiratory tract, following inhalation of infective virus.

· Occasionally infection occurs from ingestion of infective material and following entry into the upper respiratory tract.

· The virus is spread to the tonsils and lymph nodes, where viral replication occurs.

· The virus then enters the blood stream where it is transported to epithelial cells throughout the body, including the intestinal and respiratory tract.

Typical clinical signs of canine distemper :

In the domestic dog

respiratory and intestinal problems :

· Coughing

· Diarrhea

· Vomiting

· Nasal and ocular discharge

· Anorexia

· Hyperkeratosis of the nasal planum and foot pads.

Central nervous system signs may follow the above clinical signs.

In wild carnivores

Abnormal behavior and apparent lack of fear, suggestive of rabies, may be the only signs grossly visible.

Often the animals are presented with a purulent conjunctivitis and nasal discharge and the eyelids may be adhered together with crusty exudate.

Neurological disturbances :

· Aggressiveness

· Disorientation

· Lack of alertness

· Convulsive movements of the head and paws

· Aimless wandering

There may be evidence of diarrhea, labored breathing and an unkempt appearance to the fur.

Due to the diarrhea and vomiting, the animal may be dehydrated and exhibit excessive thirst. Weakness and emaciation have been associated with canine distemper, but often animals will be acutely affected and be presented in good nutritional condition.

The pathology lesions of canine distemper :

· pulmonary congestion and consolidation leading to focal pneumonitis.

· Eosinophilic rounded or ovoid bodies with refractile particles are found in the epithelial cells of skin, bronchi, intestinal tract, urinary tract, bile duct, salivary glands, adrenal glands, central nervous system, lymph nodes and spleen.

· At the time of necropsy, an enlarged spleen is usually seen.

Diagnosis

Presumptive diagnosis is based on clinical signs, the demonstration of inclusion bodies in neutrophils on blood smear and inclusion bodies in conjunctival smears. Definitive diagnosis is based on laboratory analysis of affected tissues by fluorescent antibody techniques.

In wild carnivores, the presenting signs are often neurological and the disease must be differentiated from rabies and other encephalitides.

Treatment and Control

No treatment other than supportive care exists for canine distemper. Control of canine distemper outbreaks includes the removal of carcasses of animals which have died from the disease, vaccination of susceptible domestic species to decrease the number of susceptible hosts, and a reduction in wildlife populations which also reduces the number of potential hosts. The virus is inactivated by heat, formalin, and Roccal R.

ADAPTATION TO STRESS

2008-05-13T04:08:00.000-07:00

Types of stress :

o Eustress

Where stress enhances function ( physical or mental, such as through strength training or challenging work ) it may be considered eustress.

o Distress

Persistent stress that is not resolved through coping or adaptation may lead to escape ( anxiety ) or withdrawal ( depression ) behavior.

Responses to stress include :

o Adaptation

Three stages of general adaption syndrome ( GAS ) :

Stage one: alarm

When the threat or stressor is identified or realised, the body's stress response is a state of alarm. During this stage adrenaline will be produced in order to bring about the fight-or-flight response. There is also some activation of the HPA axis, producing cortisol.

Stage two: resistance

If the stressor persists, it becomes necessary to attempt some means of coping with the stress. Although the body begins to try to adapt to the strains or demands of the environment, the body cannot keep this up indefinitely, so its resources are gradually depleted.

Stage three: exhaustion

In the final stage in the GAS model, all the body's resources are eventually depleted and the body is unable to maintain normal function. At this point the initial autonomic nervous system symptoms may reappear ( sweating, raised heart rate etc ). If stage three is extended, long term damage may result as the capacity of glands, especially the adrenal gland, and the immune system is exhausted and function is impaired resulting in decompensation. The result can manifest itself in obvious illnesses such as ulcers, depression or even cardiovascular problems, along with other mental issues.

o Psychological coping such as :

Anxiety

Stress management

Depression

Both negative and positive stressors can lead to stress. Some common categories and examples of stressors include :

o Sensory : pain, bright light

o Life events : birth and deaths, marriage, and divorce

o Responsibilities : lack of money, unemployment

o Work/study : exams, project deadlines, and group projects

o Personal relationships : conflict, deception

o Lifestyle : heavy drinking, insufficient sleep

o Early life exposure (e.g. child abuse) can permanently alter an individual's stress response

o Environmental : Lack of control over environmental circumstances, such as food, housing, health, freedom, or mobility

o Social: Struggles with conspecific individuals and social defeat can be potent sources of chronic stresses

The body reacts to stress first by releasing the hormones such as :

1. Catecholamine

2. Epinephrine

3. Norepinephrine

4. Glucocorticoid

5. Cortisol

6. Cortisone

Stress activates the sympathetic branch of the autonomous nervous system and produces the fight-or-flight response, causing the body to divert bloodflow to large muscles as the body prepares to run away from or fight something. Less blood flows to the digestive system and other organs that do not assist in fleeing or fighting, producing dry mouth, motor agitation, sweating, pallor, enlarged pupils and over the long term, insomnia. Modern stressors can cause continual sympathetic nervous system activation with very little opportunity for the parasympathetic nervous system to activate. When the parasympathetic system is active, the bowel and other non-muscle organs receive good blood-flow, the pupils constrict, and the glands all function well and secrete their various compounds. Absence of the autonomic parasympathetic activation leads to poor digestion and may lead to poor healing and organ function.

The hypothalamic pituitary adrenal ( a major part of the neuroendocrine system, involving the interactions of the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland and the adrenal glands ) axis is believed to play a primary role in the body's reactions to stress by balancing hormone releases from the adrenaline-producing adrenal medulla, and from the corticosteroid-producing adrenal cortex. Stress can significantly affect many of the body's immune systems, as can an individual's perceptions of, and reactions to, stress. The term psychoneuroimmunology is used to describe the interactions between the mental state, nervous and immune systems, as well as research on the interconnections of these systems.

AGGRESSION IN DOGS

2008-05-13T04:04:00.000-07:00

Aggression in dogs is an important behavioral problem, it is the most common problem seen at animal behavior clinics. Aggressive dog will consistently growl, snap, or bite when a person does something, or asks the dog to do something, which the dog does not like. Aggressive dog has an inappropriate response to normal situations. The dog is trying to control the situation with her reaction, rather than allowing a person to have control. These dogs may be protective over food or toys, or favorite sleeping areas. They may react if they are groomed, or if you stare at them, or if they are punished. This is also not the same situation as a dog which has been pushed beyond her limit by cruelty or pain.

Aggression usually begins at around 18-24 months of age, when dogs become socially mature. Less commonly, it can occur in puppies as young as 4-5 months. While intact dogs may have a higher tendency towards aggression, spaying or neutering alone will not solve the problem once it has started. Some rather common health problems can make an otherwise even-tempered dog aggressive. These include but are not limited to epilepsy, hypothyroidism, arthritis, hip dysplasia, and dental disease. Consult your veterinarian about the situation and may recommend some testing such as a complete blood count, a chemistry panel or a thyroid test.

Effective treatment with increase the exercise, dogs that get enough exercise are far less likely to have behavioral problems. The exercise such as trainers and behaviorist 45 – 60 minutes until the dog is panting, take your dog jogging with you, play fetch outdoors or inside in a long hallway with your dog, play Frisbee. Also keep in mind that many types of dogs were bred to do a job. If your dog is not used to this much exercise, you will need to increase it gradually. If your dog has any health problems, consult with your veterinarian about a safe exercise program

ACNE & OTHER SKIN CONDITION CAN MIMIC ACNE

2008-05-13T04:02:00.001-07:00

Acne is not just a problem for teenagers, it can affect people from ages 10 through 40. It is not unusual for women, in particular, to develop acne in their mid-to-late 20's, even if they have not had breakouts in years ( or ever ) .

Acne can appear as any of the following :

congested pores
whiteheads
blackheads
pimples
pustules
cysts ( deep pimples )

If the inflammation is right near the surface, you get a pustule; if it's deeper, a papule ( pimple ), deeper still and it's a cyst. If the oil breaks though to the surface, the result is a "whitehead." If the oil becomes oxidized ( that is, acted on by oxygen in the air ), the oil changes from white to black, and the result is a "blackhead."

Acne happens when oil ( sebaceous ) glands come to life around puberty stimulated by male hormones from the adrenal glands of both boys and girls. Oil is a natural substance which lubricates and protects the skin, and under certain circumstances, cells that are close to the surface block the openings of sebaceous glands and cause a buildup of oil underneath. This oil stimulates bacteria ( which live in everyone's skin and generally cause no problems ), to multiply and cause surrounding tissues to become inflamed.

Other skin conditions can mimic acne :

Rosacea

This condition is characterized by pimples in the middle third of the face, along with redness, flushing, and superficial blood vessels. It generally affects people in their 30's and 40's and older. There is sometimes no "line" separating acne from rosacea, however, there are no blackheads or whiteheads in rosacea.

Pseudofolliculitis

This is sometimes called "razor bumps" or "razor rash." When cut close to the skin, curly neck hairs bend under the skin and produce pimples. This is a mechanical problem, not a bacterial one, and treatment involves shaving less ( growing a beard, laser hair removal ). Pseudofolliculitis can, of course, occur in patients who have acne too.

HEALTH INFORMATION ABOUT PAIN

2008-05-13T03:58:00.000-07:00

Pain is an unpleasant sensation, it is caused by actual or perceived injury to body tissues and produces physical and emotional reactions. Pain might be called a protector, a predictor, or simply a hassle, because pain sensation has evolved to protect our bodies from harm by causing us to perform certain actions and avoid others.

The basic types of pain include :

v Nociceptive pain

The body's nervous system is working properly. There is a source of pain, such as a cut, a broken bone or a problem with the spine. The body's system of telling the brain that there is an injury starts working. This information is passed on to the brain and one becomes aware that they are hurting. Most back, leg, and arm pain is nociceptive pain. Nociceptive pain can be divided into two parts :

¨ Radicular pain:

Radicular pain is pain that stems from irritation of the nerve roots, for example, from a disc herniation. It goes down the leg in the distribution of the nerve that exits from the nerve root at the spinal cord. Associated with radicular pain is radiculopathy, which is weakness, numbness, tingling or loss of reflexes in the distribution of the nerve.

¨ Somatic pain:

Somatic pain is pain limited to the back or thighs. Back pain that does not go away after conservative treatment usually comes from one of three structures in the back: the facet joints, the discs, or the sacroiliac joint. The facet joints are small joints in the back of the spine that provide stability and limit how far you can bend back or twist. The discs are the "shock absorbers" that are located between each of the bony building blocks ( vertebrae ) of the spine. The sacroiliac joint is a joint at the buttock area that serves in normal walking and helps to transfer weight from the upper body onto the legs.

v Neuropathic pain

The body's nervous system is not working properly. There is no obvious source of pain, but the body nonetheless tells the brain that injury is present.

Diagnosa of pain :

Fluoroscopy is an X-ray guided viewing method. Fluoroscopically (x-ray) guided injections can help to determine where pain is coming from. Fluoroscopy is often used to assist the doctor in precisely locating the injection so that the medication reaches the appropriate spot and only the appropriate spot. Once the pain has been accurately diagnosed, it can be optimally treated.

Variety of skills and techniques to treat the pain include :

Interventional procedures
Medication management
Physical therapy or chiropractic therapy
Psychological counseling and support
Acupuncture and other alternative therapies
Referral to other medical specialists

ANAPHYLAXIS IN YOUR PET

2008-05-13T03:54:00.000-07:00

Prevention to anaphylaxis :

If a dog has already had a reaction, such as anaphylaxis to a substance, the substance should be avoided.

If your dog has ever had a reaction to a vaccine or medication, be sure your veterinarian knows and the information is placed in your pet's medical record.

If you vaccinate your own pets, you should have epinephrine available and know how to use it in case a reaction occurs.

If your dog has an anaphylactic reaction after a vaccination, inject the proper dose of epinephrine and seek emergency veterinary assistance immediately.

If your dog that are allergic to insect bites, such as bees, ask your veterinarian about getting a prescription for an 'epi-pen' and be sure to take the 'epi-pen' with you on any trips or hikes.